Updated on 2025/01/20

写真a

 
WATANABE Tsuyoshi
 
Organization
School of Medicine Medical Course Basic Medicine Anatomy[Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology]
Contact information
メールアドレス
External link

Degree

  • Ph.D., M.D. ( University of Tsukuba )

Research Interests

  • electron microscopy

  • Golgi apparatus

  • secretory granules

  • Hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis

  • immunocytochemical techniques

  • 電子顕微鏡技術

  • ゴルジ装置

  • 分泌顆粒

  • immunocytochemistry

Research Areas

  • Life Science / Anatomy

  • Life Science / Cell biology

  • Life Science / Metabolism and endocrinology

Education

  • University of Tsukuba

    1985.4 - 1989.3

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    Country: Japan

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  • University of Tsukuba   School of Medicine

    1979.4 - 1985.3

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    Country: Japan

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Research History

  • Asahikawa Medical College   Professor

    2000.10

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  • Osaka University   Faculty of Medicine   Associate Professor (as old post name)

    1995.5 - 2000.9

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  • University of Tsukuba   Institute of Basic Medical Sciences   Asociate Professor

    1989.4 - 1995.5

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Professional Memberships

Studying abroad experiences

  • 1990.6 - 1992.9   ハノーファー医科大学(Medizinische Hochschule Hannover)   アレキサンダー・フォン・フンボルト財団 奨学研究員

Papers

  • Impaired Processing of Prohormones in Secretogranin III-Null Mice Causes Maladaptation to an Inadequate Diet and Stress. Reviewed

    Maeda Y, Kudo S, Tsushima K, Sato E, Kubota C, Kayamori A, Bochimoto H, Koga D, Torii S, Gomi H, Watanabe T, Hosaka M

    Endocrinology   159 ( 2 )   1213 - 1227   2018.2

  • Functional implications of the Golgi and microtubular network in gonadotropes Reviewed

    Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Hiroki Bochimoto, Daisuke Koga, Masahiro Hosaka, Tatsuo Ushiki

    MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY   385 ( 1-2 )   88 - 96   2014.3

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    Language:English   Publisher:ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

    In contrast to the widely accepted images of the Golgi apparatus as a cup-like shape, the Golgi in pituitary gonadotropes is organized as a spherical shape in which the outer and inner faces are cis- and trans-Golgi elements, respectively. At the center of the spherical Golgi, a pair of centrioles is situated as a microtubule-organizing center from which radiating microtubules isotropically extend toward the cell periphery. This review focuses on the significance of the characteristic organization of the Golgi and microtubule network in gonadotropes, considering the roles of microtubule-dependent membrane transport in the formation and maintenance of the Golgi structure. Because the highly symmetrical organization of the Golgi is possibly perturbed in response to experimental treatments of gonadotropes, monitoring of the Golgi structure in gonadotropes under various experimental conditions will be a novel in vivo approach to elucidate the biogenesis of the Golgi apparatus. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.10.003

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    Other Link: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6094-7728

  • Multiple sorting systems for secretory granules ensure the regulated secretion of Peptide hormones. Reviewed

    Sun M, Watanabe T, Bochimoto H, Sakai Y, Torii S, Takeuchi T, Hosaka M

    Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)   14 ( 2 )   205 - 218   2013.2

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  • A unique ball-shaped Golgi apparatus in the rat pituitary gonadotrope: its functional implications in relation to the arrangement of the microtubule network. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Sakai Y, Koga D, Bochimoto H, Hira Y, Hosaka M, Ushiki T

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   60 ( 8 )   588 - 602   2012.8

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  • Secretogranin III: a bridge between core hormone aggregates and the secretory granule membrane. Invited Reviewed

    Hosaka M, Watanabe T

    Endocrine journal   57 ( 4 )   275 - 286   2010

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    Language:English   Publisher:4  

    DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.K10E-038

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  • A large form of secretogranin III functions as a sorting receptor for chromogranin A aggregates in PC12 cells. Reviewed

    Han L, Suda M, Tsuzuki K, Wang R, Ohe Y, Hirai H, Watanabe T, Takeuchi T, Hosaka M

    Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)   22 ( 8 )   1935 - 1949   2008.8

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  • Effects of a depot formulation of the GnRH agonist leuprorelin on the ultrastructure of male rat pituitary gonadotropes. Reviewed

    Kitahara K, Sakai Y, Hosaka M, Hira Y, Kakizaki H, Watanabe T

    Archives of histology and cytology   70 ( 2 )   79 - 93   2007.7

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    Language:English   Publisher:2  

    DOI: 10.1679/aohc.70.79

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  • A subset of p23 localized on secretory granules in pancreatic beta-cells. Reviewed

    Hosaka M, Watanabe T, Yamauchi Y, Sakai Y, Suda M, Mizutani S, Takeuchi T, Isobe T, Izumi T

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   55 ( 3 )   235 - 245   2007.3

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  • Addition of phosphotungstic acid to ethanol for dehydration improves both the ultrastructure and antigenicity of pituitary tissue embedded in LR White acrylic resin. Reviewed

    Sakai Y, Hosaka M, Hira Y, Watanabe T

    Archives of histology and cytology   68 ( 5 )   337 - 347   2005.12

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    Language:English   Publisher:5  

    DOI: 10.1679/aohc.68.337

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  • Interaction between secretogranin III and carboxypeptidase E facilitates prohormone sorting within secretory granules. Reviewed

    Hosaka M, Watanabe T, Sakai Y, Kato T, Takeuchi T

    Journal of cell science   118 ( 20 )   4785 - 4795   2005.10

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  • Immunocytochemical localization of secretogranin III in the endocrine pancreas of male rats. Reviewed

    Sakai Y, Hosaka M, Yoshinaga A, Hira Y, Harumi T, Watanabe T

    Archives of histology and cytology   67 ( 1 )   57 - 64   2004.3

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    DOI: 10.1679/aohc.67.57

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  • Secretogranin III binds to cholesterol in the secretory granule membrane as an adapter for chromogranin A. Reviewed

    Hosaka M, Suda M, Sakai Y, Izumi T, Watanabe T, Takeuchi T

    The Journal of biological chemistry   279 ( 5 )   3627 - 3634   2004.1

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  • Immunocytochemical localization of secretogranin III in the anterior lobe of male rat pituitary glands. Reviewed

    Sakai Y, Hosaka M, Hira Y, Harumi T, Ohsawa Y, Wang H, Takeuchi T, Uchiyama Y, Watanabe T

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   51   227 - 238   2003.2

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    DOI: 10.1177/002215540305100211

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  • Identification of a chromogranin A domain that mediates binding to secretogranin III and targeting to secretory granules in pituitary cells and pancreatic beta-cells. Reviewed

    Hosaka M, Watanabe T, Sakai Y, Uchiyama Y, Takeuchi T

    Molecular biology of the cell   13   3388 - 3399   2002.10

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  • Effects of sex steroids on secretory granule formation in gonadotropes of castrated male rats with respect to granin expression. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Banno T, Jeziorowski T, Ohsawa Y, Waguri S, Grube D, Uchiyama Y

    Endocrinology   139   2765 - 2773   1998.6

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  • Immunocytochemical localization of chromogranin A and secretogranin II in female rat gonadotropes. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Azuma T, Banno T, Jeziorowski T, Ohsawa Y, Waguri S, Grube D, Uchiyama Y

    Archives of histology and cytology   61 ( 2 )   99 - 113   1998.5

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  • Heterogeneity of pituitary gonadotrope cells in male rats. Reviewed

    Jeziorowski T, Watanabe T, Bargsten G, Grube D

    Archives of histology and cytology   60 ( 4 )   355 - 370   1997.10

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  • Secretory granules and granins in hyperstimulated male rat gonadotropes. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Jeziorowski T, Wuttke W, Grube D

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   41   1801 - 1812   1993.12

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    DOI: 10.1177/41.12.8245429

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  • Topology of chromogranin A and secretogranin II in the rat anterior pituitary: potential marker proteins for distinct secretory pathways in gonadotrophs. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Uchiyama Y, Grube D

    Histochemistry   96   285 - 293   1991

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:4  

    DOI: 10.1007/BF00271348

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  • β3 adrenergic receptor blockade reduces mortality in endotoxin-induced heart failure by suppressing induced nitric oxide synthase and saving cardiac metabolism. Reviewed

    Kawaguchi S, Okada M, Ijiri E, Koga D, Watanabe T, Hayashi K, Kashiwagi Y, Fujita S, Hasebe N

    Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol   2019.12

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  • Culture in 10% O2 enhances the production of active hormones in neuro-endocrine cells by up-regulating the expression of processing enzymes Reviewed

    Sato E, Maeda Y, Sato Y, Hinata A, Gomi H, Koga D, Torii S, Watanabe T, Hosaka M

    Biochemical Journal   476   827 - 842   2019.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180832

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  • Differential effects of depot formulations of GnRH agonist leuprorelin and antagonist degarelix on the seminiferous epithelium of the rat testis Reviewed

    Hori JI, Koga D, Kakizaki H, Watanabe T

    Biomedical Research   39   197 - 214   2018.8

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.197

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  • Backscattered electron imaging of resin-embedded sections. Reviewed

    Koga D, Kusumi S, Watanabe T

    Microscopy (Oxford, England)   2018.6

  • Correlative light and scanning electron microscopy (CLSEM) by combining Tokuyasu cryosectioning technique with osmium maceration method Invited

    Koga D, Kusumi S, Watanabe T

    第74回日本顕微鏡学会学術講演会   2018

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  • Combination of a cryosectioning method and section scanning electron microscopy for immuno-scanning electron microscopy. Reviewed

    Kusumi S, Koga D, Watanabe T, Shibata M

    Biomedical research (Tokyo, Japan)   39 ( 1 )   21 - 25   2018

  • Novel scanning electron microscopy methods for analyzing the 3D structure of the Golgi apparatus Invited Reviewed

    Daisuke Koga, Tatsuo Ushiki, Tsuyoshi Watanabe

    ANATOMICAL SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL   92 ( 1 )   37 - 49   2017.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:SPRINGER  

    The structure of the Golgi apparatus has been extensively examined by light and electron microscopy, but details of its three-dimensional (3D) structure have remained unclear because of the technical limitations of conventional microscopy techniques. To overcome this problem, we have developed several novel scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods for observing the 3D structure of subcellular organelles including the Golgi apparatus: (1) an osmium maceration method that facilitates SEM observation of membranous organelles, including the Golgi apparatus, by selectively removing soluble cytoplasmic proteins, (2) an osmium impregnation/maceration method that combines an osmium impregnation method with the osmium maceration method to determine the polarity of the Golgi apparatus by SEM, (3) a correlative light and SEM method that combines a cryosectioning technique with the osmium maceration method to enable correlation of the immunocytochemical distribution of molecules with the 3D ultrastructure of the Golgi apparatus, and (4) array tomography based on the systematic collection and integration of SEM images of serial ultrathin sections on glass slides for revealing the 3D ultrastructure of the entire Golgi apparatus. Together, the novel SEM techniques listed above can reveal the complete 3D structure of the Golgi apparatus in different cell types.

    DOI: 10.1007/s12565-016-0380-8

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  • Integrative method for three-dimensional imaging of the entire Golgi apparatus by combining thiamine pyrophosphatase cytochemistry and array tomography using backscattered electron-mode scanning electron microscopy Reviewed

    Daisuke Koga, Satoshi Kusumi, Tatsuo Ushiki, Tsuyoshi Watanabe

    BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH-TOKYO   38 ( 5 )   285 - 296   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH PRESS LTD  

    Thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) cytochemistry is an established method for specific labeling of the trans-Golgi cisterns in tissue sections. Herein, we combined this enzyme cytochemical method with array tomography using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a new imaging technique based on collection of backscattered electron (BSE) images of consecutive resin-embedded sections on glass slides, to detect the entire three-dimensional (3D) organization of the Golgi apparatus with sufficient spatial resolution. As the signal intensity of BSE depends on the atomic number of the materials, lead precipitates confined to the trans-Golgi cisterns after TPPase cytochemistry were clearly observed by BSE-mode SEM. The mild fixative used for TPPase cytochemistry also enabled accurate identification of target gonadotropes in the composite pituitary tissue by immunocytochemical staining. By 3D reconstruction of the entire trans-Golgi cisterns based on serial ultrathin section images of tissues after TPPase cytochemistry, we detected ultrastructural differences in the 3D configuration of the Golgi apparatus between cerebellar Purkinje cells and pituitary gonadotropes. The appropriate combination of enzyme cytochemistry and/or immunostaining with array tomography will further clarify the relationship between the organization and functional states of the Golgi apparatus.

    DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.38.285

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  • Changes in the three-dimensional ultrastructure of membranous organelles in male rat pituitary gonadotropes after castration Reviewed

    Daisuke Koga, Hiroki Bochimoto, Satoshi Kusumi, Tatsuo Ushiki, Tsuyoshi Watanabe

    BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH-TOKYO   38 ( 1 )   1 - 18   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH PRESS LTD  

    The increased discharge of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from hypothalamic neurons after castration specifically stimulates pituitary gonadotropes. To elucidate the putative effects of GnRH on the three-dimensional ultrastructure of gonadotropes, we examined osmium-macerated pituitary tissues of male rats at various time points after castration by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with immunocytochemistry. Two days after castration, the Golgi apparatus was disassembled into small stacks; patch-like, tubuloreticular clusters of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes were present; and spherically enlarged mitochondria were accumulated in the central area of the stimulated gonadotropes. These acute changes were indiscernible by 1 week after castration, and then the pituitary gonadotropes of castrated animals gradually became hypertrophic, finally exhibiting the characteristic "signet-ring" appearance, with markedly dilated cisterns of the rough ER. Upon SEM observation, the inner surface of the cavity was mostly flat, and openings connecting adjacent lumens of the ER were sparse. Proliferation of the osmiophilic tubular network of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment was observed in the persistently stimulated gonadotropes, indicating a marked increase in trafficking of secretory proteins between the Golgi and ER. The acute and chronic changes in the gonadotropes after castration revealed in the present study by SEM provide evidence for a putative link between the intracellular signaling events evoked by GnRH and the ultrastructural dynamics of the organelles of the secretory pathway.

    DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.38.1

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  • Current State of and Problems Related to Cancer of the Intestinal Tract Associated with Crohn's Disease in Japan. Reviewed

    Higashi D, Katsuno H, Kimura H, Takahashi K, Ikeuchi H, Kono T, Nezu R, Hatakeyama K, Kameyama H, Sasaki I, Fukushima K, Watanabe K, Kusunoki M, Araki T, Maeda K, Kameoka S, Itabashi M, Nakao S, Maeda K, Ohge H, Watadani Y, Watanabe T, Sunami E, Hotokezaka M, Sugita A, Funayama Y, Futami K

    Anticancer research   36 ( 7 )   3761 - 3766   2016.7

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  • Backscattered electron image of osmium-impregnated/macerated tissues as a novel technique for identifying the cis-face of the Golgi apparatus by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Reviewed

    Koga D, Bochimoto H, Watanabe T, Ushiki T

    Journal of microscopy   263 ( 1 )   87 - 96   2016

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    DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12379

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  • Correlative Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy for Observing the Three-Dimensional Ultrastructure of Membranous Cell Organelles in Relation to their Molecular Components. Reviewed

    Koga D, Kusumi S, Bochimoto H, Watanabe T, Ushiki T

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   2015.9

  • Sustained treatment with a GnRH agonist (leuprorelin) affects the ultrastructural characteristics of membranous organelles in male rat pituitary gonadotropes. Reviewed

    Bochimoto H, Koga D, Sakai Y, Hira Y, Hosaka M, Ushiki T, Watanabe T

    Archives of Histology and Cytology   74 ( 1 )   41 - 57   2013

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1679/aohc.74.41

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    Other Link: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aohc/74/1/74_41/_article

  • Immunocytochemical localization of prohormone convertases PC1/PC3 and PC2 in rat pancreatic islets Reviewed

    S Tanaka, S Kurabuchi, H Mochida, T Kato, S Takahashi, T Watanabe, K Nakayama

    ARCHIVES OF HISTOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY   59 ( 3 )   261 - 271   1996.8

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:INT SOC HISTOLOGY & CYTOLOGY  

    The prohormone convertases PC1/PC3 and PC2 are endoproteases involved in prohormone cleavage at pairs of basic amino acids. To determine the cellular and subcellular distribution of PC1/PC3 and PC2 in the rat pancreas, we generated their polyclonal antisera in rabbits, using as immunogens two synthetic peptide antigens corresponding to amino acids 442-459 (ST-28) of PC1/PC3 and 613-629 (ST-29) of PC2; and two bacterially expressed antigens covering amino acids 145-414 (KN-1) of PC1/PC3 and 385-637 (KN-2) of PC2, Western blot analysis revealed the presence of PC1/PC3 (87 and 68 kDa) and PC2 (75 and 70 kDa) in rat pancreatic islets, indicating that the antisera are specific for the corresponding antigens, Immunocytochemical staining of serial sections demonstrated that the antibody against PC1/PC3 immunostained only insulin-producing cells, whereas the PC2 antibody stained insulin-, glucagon-, somatostatin- and pancreatic polypeptide-producing cells. Double-immunolabeling of the prohormone convertases and pancreatic hormones with gold particles of different sizes revealed that insulin-positive secretory granules were also immunolabeled with PC1/PC3 and PC2 antibodies, whereas glucagon-, somatostatin-, or pancreatic polypeptide-positive granules were labeled only with the PC2 antibody, This differential localization of PC1/PC3 and PC2 provides a further problem on the substrate-specificity of these enzymes in the processing of pancreatic prohormones.

    DOI: 10.1679/aohc.59.261

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    Other Link: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7701-7183

  • Cell and tissue distribution of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, H, and L, and their biological roles Reviewed

    Uchiyama Y, Waguri S, Sato N, Watanabe T, Ishido K, Kominami E

    Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica   27 ( 4 )   287 - 308   1994

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    DOI: 10.1267/ahc.27.287

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  • Immunocytochemical localization of angiotensinogen and cathepsins B, H, and L in rat hepatocytes, with special reference to degradation of angiotensinogen in lysosomes after colchicine. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Waguri S, Watanabe M, Ishii Y, Kominami E, Uchiyama Y

    The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society   37   1899 - 1911   1989.12

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  • AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON CO-LOCALIZATION OF CATHEPSIN-B AND ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES IN SECRETORY GRANULES OF ATRIAL MYOENDOCRINE CELLS OF RAT-HEART Reviewed

    T WATANABE, M WATANABE, Y ISHII, H MATSUBA, S KIMURA, T FUJITA, E KOMINAMI, N KATUNUMA, Y UCHIYAMA

    JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY   37 ( 3 )   347 - 351   1989.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC  

    DOI: 10.1177/37.3.2521876

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  • Quantitative analyses of atrial myoendocrine cells and plasma atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) of the rat with special reference to the twenty-four-hour variations in secretory granules and plasma ANP concentrations. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Uchiyama Y

    Cell and tissue research   254   133 - 137   1988.10

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  • Correlation of 24-hour fluctuations in renin granules of juxtaglomerular cells and in renin and angiotensinogen in blood plasma of the rat. Reviewed

    Watanabe T, Matsuba H, Uchiyama Y

    Cell and tissue research   254   593 - 598   1988

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MISC

  • Molecular and cellular basis for the secretory granule biogenesis in endocrine cells Invited

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi, SAKAI Yuko, HIRA Yoshiki, BOCHIMOTO Hiroki, HOSAKA Masahiro

    Microscopy   43 ( 1 )   29 - 34   2008

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  • 細胞内においてクロモグラニンAと結合する蛋白質の同定と解析

    穂坂 正博, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男, 竹内 利行

    日本細胞生物学会大会講演要旨集   54回   96 - 96   2001.5

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  • 神経性セロイド様リポフスチン蓄積症(NCL)のモデル動物としてのカテプシンD欠損マウス

    小池 正人, 中西 博, Saftig Paul, 井佐原 京子, 大澤 良之, 渡部 剛, 和栗 聡, 亀高 諭, 山本 健二, 木南 英紀

    解剖学雑誌   75 ( 1 )   117 - 117   2000.2

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:(一社)日本解剖学会  

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  • 培養内分泌細胞におけるGreen Fluorescent Protein(GFP)標識グラニン蛋白の動態

    渡部 剛, 和栗 聡, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   75 ( 1 )   156 - 156   2000.2

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  • Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP)標識グラニン蛋白を発現させた培養内分泌細胞における分泌顆粒形成・放出過程の解析

    渡部 剛, 和栗 聡, 内山 安男

    日本細胞生物学会大会講演要旨集   52回   45 - 45   1999.8

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  • PC12細胞のアポトーシスにおけるリソゾームカテプシン群の役割

    井佐原 京子, 大澤 良之, 柴田 昌宏, 金森 市朗, 渡部 剛, 後藤 隆洋, 内山 安男

    神経化学   37 ( 3 )   368 - 368   1998.9

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  • Bcl-2の抗アポトーシス作用発現とミトコンドリア内膜への局在

    金森 市朗, 後藤 隆洋, 柴田 昌宏, 井佐原 京子, 大沢 良之, 佐藤 昇, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    神経化学   37 ( 3 )   370 - 370   1998.9

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  • ラット下垂体前葉Gonadotropeにおけるホルモン及びグラニン蛋白群の発現と分泌顆粒形成との関係について

    渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   73 ( 4 )   410 - 410   1998.8

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  • 細胞内物質輸送と分泌 Doc2と細胞質ダイニンの軽鎖Tctex-1の相互作用とその機能解析

    永野 史子, 織田 聡, 阪口 岳, 前田 美幾, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男, 佐々木 卓也, 高井 義美

    生化学   70 ( 8 )   785 - 785   1998.8

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  • Bcl-2蛋白のミトコンドリア内膜への局在

    後藤 隆洋, 大沢 良之, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   73 ( 4 )   380 - 380   1998.8

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  • GH4C1細胞におけるマンノース6-リン酸レセプターに依存したリソソーム酵素の選別輸送について

    甲村 真理, 金森 市朗, 和栗 聡, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   73 ( 4 )   394 - 394   1998.8

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  • カチオン依存性マンノース6リン酸レセプター遺伝子導入細胞のアポトーシス

    金森 市朗, 甲村 真理, 井佐原 京子, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   73 ( 4 )   394 - 394   1998.8

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:(一社)日本解剖学会  

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  • ジンピーマウスにおける軸索ニューロフィラメント

    後藤 隆洋, 大沢 良之, 渡部 剛, 内山 安男

    解剖学雑誌   73 ( 4 )   432 - 432   1998.8

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  • 〔心房性ナトリウム利尿ペプチド(ANP)〕ANPの分泌機構の日周リズム

    内山 安男, 渡部 剛

    最新医学   43 ( 1 )   27 - 31   1988.1

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:(株)最新医学社  

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  • 余剰分泌顆粒のゆくえ:GnRH誘導体を活用した新規クリノファジー解析実験系の構築

    Grant number:17K08505  2017.4 - 2020.3

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C)  基盤研究(C)

    渡部 剛

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    Grant amount:\4,810,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,700,000 、 Indirect Cost:\1,110,000 )

    陳旧化した内分泌細胞の分泌顆粒は細胞内でクリノファジーという過程により分解処理されると考えられているが、これまで適切な解析実験系がなく詳細については不明の点が多い。そこで本研究では、下垂体前葉の性腺刺激ホルモン(LH/FSH)産生細胞に対するGnRHアゴニストとアンタゴニストの作用の差に着目して、細胞内で陳旧化した余剰の分泌顆粒の特徴や運命を明らかにしようとしている。
    2017年度までに、GnRHアゴニストあるいはアンタゴニストの徐放性製剤を投与した雄ラットから生化学的解析と形態学的解析のための下垂体組織標本を様々な時間経過で系統的に作成した。また、LHとFSHの標的臓器である精巣組織の変化を形態学的に解析することで、この実験系の妥当性を評価した。その結果、血漿LH濃度については、GnRHアゴニスト投与群とアンタゴニスト投与群の両者とも予測どおりの経時的推移を示し、動物実験モデルの妥当性が実証された。一方、精巣重量はLH濃度の推移と呼応して減少するものの、曲精細管上皮の組織像はGnRHアゴニスト投与群とアンタゴニスト投与群で大きく異なる変化を示した。
    そこで2018年度には、KOH消化で膠原線維を除去した精巣標本を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察し、GnRH誘導体持続投与時の曲精細管上皮の立体微細構造の経時的変化を解析した。その結果、GnRHアゴニスト投与群では、投与開始直後にセルトリ細胞間の接着が緩み未熟精子細胞が曲精細管上皮から大量に剥落することを見出した。一方、GnRHアンタゴニスト投与群では時間経過とともにセルトリ細胞の丈が低くなり、徐々に精子細胞が上皮から脱落することを明らかにした。以上の曲精細管上皮に対するGnRH誘導体持続投与の影響の差異に関しては、各実験群の血漿LH濃度の経時的変化のデータと併せて、研究成果欄に記載した原著論文(2)として発表・報告した。

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  • Diversity in the global organization of the Golgi apparatus in differentiated secretory cells.

    Grant number:26460263  2014.4 - 2017.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi, HOSAKA MASAHIRO, BOCHIMOTO HIROKI

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\4,940,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,800,000 、 Indirect Cost:\1,140,000 )

    Epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle are well polarized and could transport membrane carriers bidirectionally toward both the apical and basal cell surfaces. The present study immunocytochemically examined the overall shape of the Golgi apparatus and the intracellular organization of the microtubule network in a variety of secretory cells including thyroid epithelial cells. Observation in the present study clearly demonstrated that the spherical Golgi seen in the poorly polarized endocrine cells is the most fundamental pattern of the Golgi organization, and multiple openings on the surface of the spherical Golgi possibly converge into two or one major openings in highly polarized epithelial cells, depending on the cell surface polarity and direction of the intracellular trafficking lines. Thus the overall shape of the Golgi apparatus could be a good indicator reflecting the intracellular organization and dynamics of the membranous organelles that constitute the secretory pathways.

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  • Characteristics in the overall organization and dynamics of the Golgi apparatus in the anterior pituitary endocrine cells.

    Grant number:22590185  2010 - 2012

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi, HOSAKA Masahiro

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\4,550,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,500,000 、 Indirect Cost:\1,050,000 )

    The present study demonstrated highly symmetrical organization of the Golgi apparatus and microtubule network in the pituitary gonadotropes by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. These findings possibly reflect the poor polarity of the endocrine cells and are well consistent with the contextual usage of the microtubule-dependent motors that maintain the organization of the Golgi apparatus.

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  • Effects of LHRH analogues on the ultrastructure of male rat pituitary gonadotropes

    Grant number:18590177  2006 - 2008

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi, SAKAI Yuko, HOSAKA Masahiro

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\4,160,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,500,000 、 Indirect Cost:\660,000 )

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  • Roles of the lipid raft-like microdomain in the secretory granule biogenesis within endocrine cells.

    Grant number:17590144  2005 - 2007

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    SAKAI Yuko, WATANABE Tsuyoshi

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    Authorship:Collaborating Investigator(s) (not designated on Grant-in-Aid)  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\3,830,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,500,000 、 Indirect Cost:\330,000 )

    Cholesterol-and glycosphingolipid-rich microdomains of biological membranes, collectively called lipid rafts, provide platforms for various functional molecules. In the present research project, we investigated the distribution and subcellular localization of the lipid raft-like microdomains in the rat anterior pituitary, and also examined the physiological roles of lipid raft-like domains and SgIII in the secretory granule biogenesis.
    By using biotinylated cholera toxin b subunit (CTxB) as a probe for GM1-ganglioside-rich lipid microdomains, most of somatotropes and a limited subpopulation of gonadotropes in the rat anterior pituitary gland were labeled, whereas no significant labeling could be detected in mammotropes, thyrotropes, and corticotropes. Within pituitary somatotropes, the GM1-ganglioside-rich lipid rafts were predominantly localized on the secretory granule membrane, and were translocated to the cell surface shortly after the administration of GHRH. Judging from the finding that the secretory granule membrane of all kinds of pituitary endocrine cells was labeled with filipin that form a complex specifically with cholesterol, lipid raft-like microdomains were significantly accumulated in general on the secretory membrane, although there is a certain heterogeneity in the composition of lipid rafts, depending on the cell types.
    Since previous studies by us and others suggest that both SgIII and CPE could bind specifically to cholesterol-rich lipid microdomain(s) of secretory granule membranes, we next examined the possible interaction between SgIII and CPE on the lipid raft-like microdomains. SgIII and CPE were colocalized in the same secretory granules, occasionally neighbored together in the periphery of the secretory granule. Co-precipitation analyses demonstrated that SgIII and CPE form a complex in endocrine-derived AtT-20 cells, especially under the mildly acidic pH and high calcium condition that mimics the internal milieu at the TGN. Interestingly, the binding property of SgIII to cholesterol-rich lipid microdomain(s) was not altered even in the pituitary endocrine cells of mutant mice lacking CPE; SgIII was properly localized to secretory granules without CPE. These findings suggest that the lipid raft-like microdomain provides a platform, onto which SgIII and/or CPE, cooperatively or solely, tether(s) the aggregates of diverse secretory proteins.

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  • cDNA microarray analyses on the gene expression in the pituitary glands under the physiological and experimental conditions.

    Grant number:15590152  2003 - 2005

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\3,800,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,800,000 )

    The pituitary gland is situated in the center of hypothalamic-pituitray-gonadal axis that cooperatively regulates the reproductive functions. Pituitary gonadotropes regulate the gonadal function by secreting two gonadotropins, LH and FSH, and in turn, their functional states are influenced by the hypothalamic and gonadal factors. To describe the molecular basis of these influences on the pituitary gland, we analyzed simultaneously the expression levels of 11,505 genes in the rat pituitary and adrenal glands under the physiological and experimental conditions by using a cDNA microarray.
    First, we found significant sex-related differences in the expression levels of 112 genes in the pituitary and 87 genes in the adrenal glands. Interestingly, only 4 genes of the 112 genes identified above in the pituitary exhibited simultaneously a significant sex-related difference in the expression in the adrenal, suggesting that the molecular basis for the sex-related differences varies depending on the tissues/cells. These sex-related differences in the gene expression are significantly reduced after castration (orchiectomy for male, and ovariectomy for female rats), indicating that the gonadal factors play a pivotal role in the establishment of sex-related differeneces in these two organs. However, the gene expression of these two endocrine organs were differently regulated by androgens and estrogens ; the expression levels of about three fourths of the 112 genes identified above in the pituitary were significantly fluctuated by estradiol treatment after castration in correspondence with the sex-related difference observed, while those of four fifths of the 87 genes identified above in the adrenal were significantly fluctuated by testosterone treatment.
    These analyses first clarified the molecular basis of sex-related differences in the two representative organs, pituitary and adrenal glands. Based on these findings, the gene products that have not been classified so far could be identified as a molecule with a significant function in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

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  • Analyzes of the diversity of secretory granules in the anterior pituitary endocrine cells.

    Grant number:14570001  2002 - 2004

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    SAKAI Yuko, WATANABE Tsuyoshi

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    Authorship:Collaborating Investigator(s) (not designated on Grant-in-Aid)  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\3,000,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,000,000 )

    Five types of endocrine cells are known to be present in the anterior lobes of mammalian pituitary glands : corticotropes, gonadotropes, thyrotropes, mammotropes, somatotropes. Each endocrine cell possesses characteristic secretory granules and secretes distinct peptide hormones in response to appropriate stimuli. To elucidate the diversity of the secretory granules in this tissue, we first investigated the immunocytochemical localization of granins in the rat anterior pituitary in detail. As results, the localization pattern of SgIII in the anterior pituitary gland was similar to that of CgB at both light and electron microscopic levels, suggesting that the expressions of these two granins are regulated by common mechanisms. Moreover, we observed SgIII-positive intermediate endocrine cells that expressed both PRL and TSH, probably common precursor-like cells of these two endocrine cells. These findings suggest that the pituitary-specific transcriptional factors could regulate both the fate of pituitary stem cells and the expression of granins, which might contribute to the establishment of characteristic ultrastructures and the sizes of secretory granules in the pituitary endocrine cells. Based on these findings, we further examined changes in the expression level of granins and ultrastructure of pituitary gonadotropes during postnatal development of rats. Until 3 weeks after birth, no significant sex-related differences were found in the ultrastructure of pituitary gonadotropes ; gonadotropes of both sexes at birth possessed only a few small-sized secretory granules, and gradually large-sized secretory granules containing CgA appeared in these cells. However, the difference in pituitary gonadotropes between male and female rats became prominent since 3 weeks after birth ; large-sized granules containing CgA disappeared from female gonadotropes after this time point, whereas those granules were retained in male gonadotropes. These findings suggest that the expression of CgA is differently regulated by sex steroids after the beginning of sexual maturation, resulting in the sex-related differences in the composition and ultrastructure of secretory granules.
    Summing up, these findings suggest that the expression levels of granins affect the ultrastructure and size of secretory granules. Further investigations on the regulatory mechanisms of each granin expression would be required to clarify the diversity of secretory granules in the pituitary endocrine cells.

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  • Analyses on the secretory granule formation by using a yeast two hybrid system

    Grant number:11670011  1999 - 2001

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    WATANABE Tsuyoshi

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\3,600,000 ( Direct Cost: \3,600,000 )

    Granins (chromogranins/secretogranins) are acidic secretory proteins which are specifically localized to secretory granules in various endocrine cells with peptide hormones. As we previously demonstrated, two representative granins, chromogranin A (CgA) and secretogranin II (SgII), are separately localized to two distinct subsets of secretory granules in rat pituitary gonadotropes, and the sizes and composition of secretory granules in gonadotropes are closely associated with the expression levels of these granins. Based on these findings it is suggested that granins function as fundamental matrices of secretory granules, although the targeting mechanisms of the granins for secretory granules still remain unexplained.
    During attempts to discover the molecules responsible for the transport of granins to secretory granules, secretogranin III (SgIII), another member of the granin family, was identified as a binding partner of CgA with yeast two-hybrid screens and assays. The interaction between SgIII and CgA was augmented under low pH and high calcium conditions that mimic the luminal milieu at the trans-Golgi network. Immmunocytochemical analyzes demonstrated that both proteins were co-localized in secretory granules of endocrine cells in vivo , and that the deletion of the SgIII -binding domain of CgA impaired its targeting for secretory granules in AtT-20 cells. These findings suggest that SgIII acts as an interface molecule between CgA and a putative sorting receptor destined for secertory granules. These heterophilic complex of two or more granins might also contribute to the organization of secretory granules in general, by providing multiple anchor sites for both regulated secretory proteins and membrane-bound proteins such as processing enzymes, ion channels, amine transporters, and fusion machineries required for regulated exocytosis.

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  • 性ステロイドホルモン投与実験動物モデルを用いた分泌顆粒形成機構の解析

    Grant number:09770009  1997 - 1998

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)  奨励研究(A)

    渡部 剛

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\2,200,000 ( Direct Cost: \2,200,000 )

    ラット下垂体前葉の性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞における分泌顆粒の構成には明瞭な雌雄差が存在する。本研究課題では、この雌雄差を決定する分子機構及び同細胞における分泌顆粒形成機構を明らかにすることを目的として、雌雄の性ステロイドホルモン持続投与動物モデルを解析した。
    まず平成9年度には、同細胞の分泌顆粒中の蛋白で、未だにその生理的役割が解明されていないグラニン蛋白群に注目して、これら蛋白の発現量および細胞内局在が性ステロイドホルモン持続投与によってどのような影響を受けるか、ノザンブロット法及び免疫組織化学法で検討した。
    その結果、雌性ステロイドホルモンであるエストラジオールを持続投与すると、グラニン蛋白のうちクロモグラニンA(CgA)の下垂体における発現が強く抑制され、その結果、大型分泌顆粒が同細胞内から消失した。逆に、雄性ステロイドホルモンであるテストステロンを持続投与した場合には、CgAの発現が維持され、同細胞にCgA単独陽性の大型分泌顆粒が観察された。以上の実験結果は、CgAの発現が同細胞における大型分泌顆粒の維持に重要であり、さらにこのCgAの発現量は雌雄の性ステロイドホルモンによって対照的な制御を受けていることを示唆している。この実験結果は、同細胞で観察される微細構造上の雌雄差を分子レベルで良く説明するものと思われた(研究業績欄・論文(1)(2)(3))。
    平成10年度からは、さらに、これらの性ステロイドホルモン持続投与動物で下垂体前葉で特異的に誘導あるいは抑制される他の蛋白遺伝子の同定を進めている。特にテストステロン投与によって同細胞には大型及び小型の2種類の分泌顆粒が出現し、グラニン蛋白のうちCgAは大型分泌顆粒に、セクレトグラニンII(SgII)は小型分泌顆粒に、それぞれ分かれて局在するようになるが、この選別輸送機構を維持する因子を現在探索中である。

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  • GFP融合蛋白を用いた分泌顆粒形成機構および放出機構の解析

    Grant number:08770014  1996

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)  奨励研究(A)

    渡部 剛

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\1,200,000 ( Direct Cost: \1,200,000 )

    クロモグラニン・セクレトグラニン蛋白群(グラニン蛋白群)は、その生理的機能に関してはいまだ不明の点が多いが、内分泌細胞の分泌顆粒内に局在するという共通の性質を有している。本研究ではこの性質に着目して、特別なcofactorなしに緑色螢光を発する発光クラゲの細胞質中の蛋白、GFP(Green Fluorescent Protein、238アミノ酸残基)とグラニン蛋白との融合蛋白のcDNAを構築し、蛋白分泌性の内分泌組織由来の培養細胞株に導入して、「光る分泌顆粒」を持つ細胞の作製を試みた。
    まず、この蛋白群に属する主要な3種類の蛋白、クロモグラニンA(CgA)、クロモグラニンB(CgB)、およびセクレトグラニンII(SgII)のカルボキシル末端にそれぞれGFPを融合させた蛋白のcDNAを構築し、ラット褐色細胞腫由来の培養細胞株PC12細胞に遺伝子導入法によって発現させた。融合蛋白の発現の程度はNorthern Blot法で確認し、内因性のグラニン蛋白に匹敵する発現量をもつクローンを単離することができた。この樹立された細胞クローンにおける融合蛋白の細胞内局在を抗GFP抗体による免疫染色で調べたところ、GFPをどのグラニン蛋白に融合させた場合でも、融合蛋白は内因性のグラニン蛋白と同様に分泌顆粒に局在していた。また免疫沈降法によって、融合蛋白が分泌刺激に応答して培地中に放出されることも確認された。ところが、生きたままのPC12細胞でGFPの発光が観察できないかどうか、螢光顕微鏡及びレーザー共焦点顕微鏡を用いて検討しているが、今までのところ成功していない。この原因として、分泌顆粒内のpHやカルシウム濃度などの微小環境が今回使用したGFPの発光に適切でない可能性が考えられたため、融合蛋白中のGFPを発光強度が高い改変型GFPに置換して、現在さらに検討を続けている。
    なお、以上の研究成果の一部は、第102回解剖学会総会(1997年3月、愛知)で報告した。

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  • 遺伝子導入法を用いたクロモグラニン・セクレトグラニン蛋白群の機能解析

    Grant number:07770003  1995

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)  奨励研究(A)

    渡部 剛

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\1,100,000 ( Direct Cost: \1,100,000 )

    申請者はこれまでに、内分泌細胞におけるクロモグラニン・セクレトグラニン蛋白群の局在に注目し、同蛋白群の生理的役割について検討してきた。この蛋白群に属する主要なものとしてクロモグラニンA(CgA)、クロモグラニンB(CgB)、およびセクレトグラニンII(SgII)の3種があり、いずれも様々な内分泌細胞の分泌顆粒内に蓄積され、分泌刺激に応答してホルモンとともに血中に放出される。しかしながら、これらの蛋白がどのようなメカニズムによって分泌顆粒に蓄積され、分泌刺激が到来するまで細胞内に保持されるのかについては、解明されていなかった。そこで今回の研究課題では、グラニン蛋白群のどの部分が分泌顆粒へのソーティングシグナルとなっているか、Epitope-tagging法を用いて検討した。
    まず、グラニン蛋白群のcDNAにc-myc由来の既知エピトープを付加した後、ラット褐色細胞腫由来の培養細胞株PC12に導入した。その結果、グラニン蛋白群(CgA,CgB,SgII)にアミノ酸10残基からなるc-myc由来エピトープを付加しても、その分泌顆粒への局在性に関しては影響を受けず、内因性のグラニン蛋白と同様に分泌顆粒に輸送されることが確かめられた。
    次に、このグラニン蛋白群分子のどの部分が分泌顆粒への局在に関与しているか、グラニン蛋白群のうちCgAに注目して様々な長さのCgAのdeletion mutantsを作製し、そのPC12細胞内での局在性について検討した。その結果、CgA全長448アミノ酸残基のうち、カルボキシル末端側408残基を欠失させたアミノ末端側40残基のみからなる部分のみでも正しく分泌顆粒に輸送されることから明らかになった。
    さらに、このCgAアミノ末端側の40残基からなる部分に、本来細胞質に局在する蛋白であるGreen Fluorescent Protein(GFP、238アミノ酸残基)を融合し、この融合蛋白がPC12細胞内でどこに局在するか検討した。その結果、この融合蛋白は分泌顆粒内に局在するのが観察された。
    以上の結果をまとめると、(1)CgA分子が分泌顆粒に蓄積されるためには、アミノ末端側の40残基からなる部分が必要であり、(2)本来細胞質に局在する蛋白であっても、このCgA分子アミノ末端側の40残基からなる部分が付加されれば、分泌顆粒内に局在が変更されるということが明らかにされた。これらの所見から、CgA分子アミノ末端側の40残基からなる部分は分泌顆粒への局在シグナルとして機能している可能性が強く示唆された。
    以上の研究成果の一部は、第101回解剖学会総会(1996年4月、福岡)で報告した。

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  • 下垂体性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞における蛋白分泌機構の雌雄差に関する研究

    Grant number:06770003  1994

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)  奨励研究(A)

    渡部 剛

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\900,000 ( Direct Cost: \900,000 )

    申請者はこれまでに、下垂体性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞におけるクロモグラニンA(CgA)とセクレトグラニンII(SgII)の局在に注目し、同細胞の分泌機構について解析してきた。今回の研究課題では、CgAとSgIIの細胞内局在をもとに、同細胞の蛋白分泌装置の雌雄差について検討した。
    その結果、典型的な雄ラット性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞では今までに報告してきたように、SgIIは小型分泌顆粒に、CgAは大型分泌顆粒にそれぞれ限局し、両蛋白は共存しない。これに対して、雌ラットの同細胞では、大部分の分泌顆粒は小型で、雄で頻繁に観察されるようなCgA単独陽性の大型(φ500nm以上)の分泌顆粒は認められず、一部のSgII陽性の小型分泌顆粒の周辺部にCgAが少量共存していた。そこで、このような分泌顆粒の雌雄差を決定しうる因子として性ステロイドホルモンの関与を考え、雌ラットにエストラジオール(E2)あるいはテストステロン(T)を持続的に投与し、同様の形態学的・免疫組織化学的解析を行った。その結果、E2投与群では小型の分泌顆粒のみが細胞内に蓄積されたのに対して、T投与群では小型の分泌顆粒に加えてCgA単独陽性の大型の分泌顆粒が出現し、雄ラットの典型的な性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞様に変化した。
    以上の所見から、雄ラットの下垂体性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞では、大きさも電子密度も異なる別々の分泌顆粒にCgAがSgIIが分別されて蓄積されるのに対して、雌では、CgAがSgIIと一緒に小型分泌顆粒に蓄積されることが明らかにされた。さらに、性ステロイド投与実験から、このような分泌装置の雌雄差の決定には、TおよびE2が重要な役割を果たしていると考えられた。
    以上の研究成果の一部は、第18回日本比較内分泌学会シンポジウム(1994年8月、前橋)および第100回解剖学会総会(1995年4月、東京)で報告した。

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  • ラット下垂体性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞における蛋白分泌経路の免疫組織科学的研究

    Grant number:05770003  1993

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)  奨励研究(A)

    渡部 剛

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\900,000 ( Direct Cost: \900,000 )

    申請者はこれまで下垂体性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞細胞より分泌される性腺刺激ホルモン以外の蛋白、クロモグラニンA(C_gA)とセクレトグラニンII(S_gII)の局在に注目し、同細胞の分泌機構について解析をしてきた。今回の研究課題では、LHRH静注あるいは去勢で雄ラットの同細胞を刺激した後、C_gAおよびS_gIIがどのような細胞内局在の変化を示すか、免疫組織化学的に検討した。
    生理的条件下の性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞では、S_gIIは小型分泌顆粒に、C_gAは大型分泌顆粒にそれぞれ限局し、両蛋白が共存する分泌顆粒はほとんど認められない。ところが、同細胞をLHRH静注で刺激したところ、静注30分後か2時間後まで、生理的条件下ではほとんど見られない第三のタイプの分泌顆粒が観察された。この顆粒は、電子密度の高い芯状の部分とそれを取り囲むやや電子密度の低い周囲部分からなり、C_gAはこの顆粒の周囲部分に、S_gIIは芯状部分にそれぞれ分離して局在していた。この中間型の分泌顆粒は、去勢手術1週間後にも頻繁に認められた。
    以上の結果より刺激条件下の性腺刺激ホルモン産生細胞では、C_gAだけが局在する大型顆粒とS_Giiだけが局在する小型顆粒に加えて、両者が共存する中間型の分泌顆粒が出現することが示された。しかし、この場合でも、C_gAとS_gIIとは同一顆粒内で分離して凝集し、これからが分泌経路における蛋白の選別過程に関与する可能性が示唆された。
    以上の研究成果の一部は、研究発表欄に記載の雑誌論文(1)および第98回解剖学会総会(1993年7月、札幌)、第46回日本細胞生物学会大会(1993年10月、前橋)で報告した。
    今後は、本研究で得られた知見を推し進め、C_gAとS_gIIが分泌経路においてどのように他の蛋白の選別過程に関与するか、その生化学的背景も含めて検討していく予定である。

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